The United States invades Panama in an attempt to overthrow military dictator Manuel Noriega, who had been indicted in the United States on drug trafficking charges and was accused of suppressing democracy in Panama and endangering U.S. nationals. Noriega’s Panamanian Defense Forces (PDF) were promptly crushed, forcing the dictator to seek asylum with the Vatican anuncio in Panama City, where he surrendered on January 3, 1990.
In 1970, Noriega, a rising figure in the Panamanian military, was recruited by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to assist in the U.S. struggle against the spread of communism in Central America. Noriega became involved in drug trafficking and in 1977 was removed from the CIA payroll. After the Marxist Sandinista government came to power in 1979, Noriega was brought back into the CIA fold. In 1983, he become military dictator of Panama.
Noriega supported U.S. initiatives in Central America and in turn was praised by the White House, even though a Senate committee concluded in 1983 that Panama was a major center for drug trafficking. In 1984, Noriega committed fraud in Panama’s presidential election in favor of Nicolás Ardito Barletta, who became a puppet president. Still, Noriega enjoyed the continued support of the Reagan administration, which valued his aid in its efforts to overthrow Nicaragua’s Sandinista government.
In 1986, just months before the outbreak of the Iran-Contra affair, allegations arose concerning Noriega’s history as a drug trafficker, money launderer, and CIA employee. Most shocking, however, were reports that Noriega had acted as a double agent for Cuba’s intelligence agency and the Sandinistas. The U.S. government disowned Noriega, and in 1988 he was indicted by federal grand juries in Tampa and Miami on drug-smuggling and money-laundering charges.
Tensions between Americans in the Panama Canal Zone and Noriega’s Panamanian Defense Forces grew, and in 1989 the dictator annulled a presidential election that would have made Guillermo Endara president. President George H. Bush ordered additional U.S. troops to the Panama Canal Zone, and on December 16 an off-duty U.S. Marine was shot to death at a PDF roadblock. The next day, President Bush authorized “Operation Just Cause”–the U.S. invasion of Panama to overthrow Noriega.
On December 20, 9,000 U.S. troops joined the 12,000 U.S. military personnel already in Panama and were met with scattered resistance from the PDF. By December 24, the PDF was crushed, and the United States held most of the country. Endara was made president by U.S. forces, and he ordered the PDF dissolved. On January 3, Noriega was arrested by U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency agents.
The U.S. invasion of Panama cost the lives of only 23 U.S. soldiers and three U.S. civilians. Some 150 PDF soldiers were killed along with an estimated 500 Panamanian civilians. The Organization of American States and the European Parliament both formally protested the invasion, which they condemned as a flagrant violation of international law.
In 1992, Noriega was found guilty on eight counts of drug trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering, marking the first time in history that a U.S. jury convicted a foreign leader of criminal charges. He was sentenced to 40 years in federal prison.
Article Details:
December 20, 1989 : The U.S. invades Panama
Author
History.com StaffWebsite Name
History.comYear Published
2010Title
December 20, 1989 : The U.S. invades PanamaURL
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-u-s-invades-panamaAccess Date
December 20, 2016Publisher
A+E Networks
Professional essay writing company that offer custom theses, college essays, coursework, assessments, term papers and research papers.
ReplyDeleteHow to write a paper you don't want to write? Order it at
ReplyDeleteif you are looking for a good marketing service is I suggest you to go for digital marketing saudi arabia In case they always provide the best services of digital marketing like search engine optimization, social media marketing, web development.
DeleteInteresting sotry about Noriega! Sakit.info
ReplyDeleteThis is your argument essay https://argumentpaper.com/argumentative-essay-counter-arguments/. I hope to see you soon!
ReplyDeletewow Interesting story.
ReplyDeleteElaine Erfe
If you're attempting to lose fat then you absolutely need to jump on this totally brand new personalized keto plan.
ReplyDeleteTo create this keto diet, certified nutritionists, fitness couches, and top chefs joined together to provide keto meal plans that are efficient, decent, price-efficient, and satisfying.
Since their first launch in 2019, hundreds of people have already transformed their figure and well-being with the benefits a good keto plan can give.
Speaking of benefits; in this link, you'll discover eight scientifically-certified ones provided by the keto plan.
Durbi Plywood is one of the leading Best Commercial Plywood. This Plywood is widely admired for its premium quality, top-notch design, and sturdy construction. It is used in applications that require high-quality, high-strength, and durable plywood sheets. Mainly, the sheets are used in flooring, wall layer, and various other interior designing works. We have made available the Commercial Plywood in different sizes and types in order to fulfil the diverse demands of our clients.
ReplyDeleteIt is very shameful thing that we live in the same country which gives many life to be independent and our younger ones don't know about them we should be more concentrated on our HISTORY like you
ReplyDeleteA look at the pages of history reveals that if the United States had not been dragged into World War II, there would not have been as many deaths as there have been since the United States became involved. Dissertation Writing Services
ReplyDeleteBut he's trying none the less. I've been using Movable-type on a variety of websites for about a year and am nervous about switching to another platform. I have heard good things about . Is there a way I can import all my word press posts into it? Any help would be really appreciated!
ReplyDelete야설
대딸방
횟수 무제한 출장
스포츠마사지
바카라사이트
Hi,
ReplyDeleteIt is really a great post by you. I found this so interesting. Keep it up and keep sharing such posts.
Crafting assignment is one of the parts of a college degree that gives a better understanding of the subject to the student. Most of the students stuck while crafting their assignment. Are you also one of them. If yes, then there are many assignment makers in market who will give help you in making your assignments and help you to attain good grades.
Many different subjects where students mostly seek online assignment help are SITHCCC020 assessment answers Help, Management Assignment Help, bsbdiv501 assessment answers, etc.
The new report by Expert Market Research titled, ‘Global Fraud Detection and Prevention Market Report and Forecast 2022-2027’, gives an in-depth analysis of the global Fraud Detection and Prevention Market, assessing the market based on segments like solution, scale of end user, type of fraud, end use industry, and major regions. The report tracks the latest trends in the industry and studies their impact on the overall market. Fraud prevention and detection are major concerns for financial institutions, and they are projected to become major drivers of IT investment. The use of these solutions in the insurance, banking, and financial services industries has increased as a result of online transaction fraud, insurance claim fraud, and card-related fraud. The major players in the market are SAP SE, IBM Corporation, SAS Institute Inc., Oracle Corporation, ACI Worldwide Inc., others. Our database is used by the world's renowned academic institutions and Fortune 1000+ companies to understand the global and regional business environment market. Expert Market Research have 500+ analyst team that provide our clients A+ services. We are providing expansive industry data and help them in formulating market and business strategies. For more information about our services. You can visit our website.
ReplyDeleteslot siteleri
ReplyDeletekralbet
betpark
tipobet
betmatik
kibris bahis siteleri
poker siteleri
bonus veren siteler
mobil ödeme bahis
AG1
Stainless Steel T Profile: Discover our exclusive collection of T5-shaped stainless steel profiles. Our competitive pricing offers the perfect blend of affordability and excellence, ideal for all your project needs.
ReplyDeleteFind reliable photocopy shop near me at Bajaj Enterprises. Conveniently located, we offer top-quality photocopying that's fast and accurate. Whether you need copies of documents, reports, or presentations, we've got you covered. With friendly service and competitive prices, we're your go-to destination for all your photocopying needs.
ReplyDeleteDiscover the best invoice discounting platform with Falcon. Turn your unpaid invoices into immediate cash flow. Falcon offers a seamless solution to finance your business needs.
ReplyDeleteAre you looking for a birthday party organizers in Ghaziabad? Our team specializes in creating unforgettable birthday experiences tailored to your preferences and budget.
ReplyDeleteThanks for sharing.
ReplyDeleteBuy the best men's grooming products in india.
ReplyDeleteElevate your marketing materials with brochure printing from Print Kasa. Customize your brochures with stunning designs and vibrant colors. Perfect for any business. Order now.
ReplyDeleteشركة تسليك مجاري بجازان kz7GV3nsp6
ReplyDelete